Presidential and legislative elections of 2022: instructions for use

These elections must take place next spring.Review of the many rules which concern their organization, voters, candidates, the audiovisual media and the pollsters.

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What will be the first character of the state during the next five -year term?The presidential election must take place on April 10 and 24, 2022, unless death or early departure from the current post holder.It will precede the legislative elections, which, intended to renew the 577 seats of the National Assembly, must be held on June 12 and 19, unless the President of the Republic decides by then to dissolve this institution.

One of the challenges of the legislative elections is whether the Head of State will have a majority and a government located on the same political line as him.President of the Republic and deputies are elected for a five -year term.The organization of these elections opens up a series of questions.Here are all the rules to know.

Who can vote in the presidential and legislative elections?

To vote in the presidential election, you must be at least 18 years old on April 9, the day before the first round of the ballot.To vote in the legislative elections, you must also be at least 18 years old on June 11, the day before the first round.Participants must also be French citizens, have their civil and political rights, not be in any case of incapacity provided for by law and be registered on the electoral lists.

How to register on the electoral lists?

People becoming major are in principle listed on the electoral lists, subject to having completed the census census procedures from 16 years old.To check if you are registered on the electoral lists, you can use the official public service website.

In the absence of an office registration or in the event of a move after the census, you can register with your town hall (on site or by mail) or through public service.Such an online approach is reserved for people who already 18 years old at the time of their request.

Adults, those who have just acquired French nationality or covering their right to vote, can register for the year of the elections.If in principle the registration process must be completed no later than 6th Friday preceding the first round of the ballot, for all these people, the registration period is postponed until the 10th day before the first round.

You can register on the electoral lists in town hall or online.

How to vote?

To participate in an election, you must go to your polling station.Proxy vote is authorized (see below).Correspondence voting is possible for prisoners, as well as, for the legislative elections, for the French abroad abroad.

What time can you vote?

Regarding the presidential election, polling stations are open from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m..By prefectural decree, in certain municipalities, in particular the big cities, the time for the start of voting operations can be advanced, the end time can be delayed, without being able to go beyond 20 hours.

For the other polls, including the legislative elections, the vote is open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m..But modifications can be decided by prefectural decree.

What documents should you present?

The rules differ according to the level of the population of your municipality.

Municipalities of less than 1,000 inhabitants

The presentation of an identity document is not compulsory.However, the president of the polling station has the right to ask you to provide by any means of the proof of your identity in the event of doubt about this latter.

Municipalities of 1,000 inhabitants and more

The presentation either of a proof of identity is compulsory.It can be a national identity card, a passport or a driving license.Some other supporting documents are admitted when they have a photo: vital card, disability or mobility inclusion or hunting allowance.

The identity document presented must be valid, with the exception of the identity card or the passport, which are still valid outdated, but for less than 5 years.

Namely: the electoral card is not a proof of identity.

In all the municipalities, the presentation of an identity document is compulsory if you have been registered on the electoral lists by judicial decision, after a refusal of registration or a wrong radiation.

How to benefit from a proxy?

If you think you are unable to introduce yourself to your polling station on election days, you can vote by proxy.If you want to make a proxy in France to vote in the country, you have the choice to use the following means:

Proxy can be given to a person listed on the electoral lists of the same municipality.A voter can only have a proxy established in France.

No text requires time to be respected to give proxy.But the approach must be completed as soon as possible, so that the town hall can receive it in time.

The proxy can be established for one or two laps of the same ballot or even for an entire period (one year maximum).

To be able to vote by proxy, the person who has received proxy on your part must appear at the polling station you note.She must present her own identity document.She is not required to present an identity document and the electoral card of the person who gave him proxy.

Who can be a candidate for the presidential election?

To present yourself in the presidential election, it is necessary to be of French nationality, to be over 18 years old, to have your civil and political rights and not be in any case of incapacity provided for by thelaw.In addition, it is necessary to have 500 sponsorships of elected officials, in particular: in particular:

The sponsorships must come from at least 30 distinct overseas departments or communities, 50 sponsorships per department being possible for each candidate.Each elected representative can only sponsor one candidate, specifies the official public life website.

Who can be a candidate in the legislative elections?

The conditions to be a candidate for deputation in one of the 577 constituencies are more flexible.It is also necessary to be of French nationality, to be over the age of 18, to have your civil and political rights and not to be in any case of incapacity provided for by law.But no sponsorship is necessary.

How can candidates for the presidential election finance their campaign?

Applicants are entitled to private funding, based on political parties, donations from individuals and loans.

Donations of individuals cannot exceed € 4,600 per person, any donation equal to or greater than 150 € to be made by check, transfer or bank card.Only people of French nationality or residing in the territory have the right to donate.Business donations and benefits are prohibited.

The loans to candidates granted by political parties or by banks whose head office is in the European Economic Area (EEA) are allowed.A foreign state or a bank whose headquarters are outside the EEE cannot credit a party or a candidate.

Campaign expenditure cannot exceed:

If the National Commission for Campaign Accounts and Political Funding (CNNCFP) approves the campaign account, campaign costs can be reimbursed as follows:

How can candidates for the legislative elections finance their campaign?

Overall, the same rules apply as for the presidential election.There are certain particularities.

The expenditure ceiling amounts to € 38,000 (article L.52-11 of the electoral code).It is increased by € 0.15 per inhabitant of the constituency.

A public reimbursement of electoral expenses is carried out if the candidate collected more than 5 % of the votes cast.The CNCCFP stops the amount of the reimbursement, up to 47.5 % of the ceiling fixed for each district.

What are the rules of speaking and antenna of presidential candidates in the audiovisual media?

TV channels and radio stations are subject to rules of equity and equality.All the channels are concerned, with the exception of Arte and LCP and Public Senate parliamentary channels.

In a recommendation of October 6, the Superior Audiovisual Council (CSA, or its new name L’ArCom) detailed the applicable rules, relying in particular on the electoral code.

Equity of speaking time

Between January 1 and March 7, 2022, the fairness of speaking and antenna times is imposed.Of March 8 on the eve of the opening of the official electoral campaign, a reinforced period of equity is implemented.

The CSA assesses equity according to the antenna time of the candidates and their supports according to the results of the political parties in the previous elections, the number of elected officials, the importance of parliamentary groups or even the scores estimated by the pollsopinion.

Equality of speaking time

The rules are stricter during the 15 days preceding the first round and between the two towers: the candidates are entitled to the same speaking and antenna times.The official campaign of the presidential election begins the second Monday preceding the first round of the ballot, March 28, and, for the second round, the day after the second round.She ends on Friday evening preceding on Sunday of the election.

The speaking time covers all the interventions of a candidate, unless exceptional circumstances lead not to count them (attack, natural disaster, etc..), as well as the interventions of support for his candidacy.

The antenna time covers the speech time of a candidate, but also:

If the President of the Republic is declared or presumed candidate, all his interventions under the political debate are, unless exceptional circumstances, taken into account.Interventions relating to the exercise of his charge are not taken into account.The interventions made in the exercise of the presidency of the Council of the European Union (EU), provided by France between January 1 and June 30, 2022, are not counted, except those that can, according to the content and thecontext, fall under political debate.

Are opinion polls framed?

Yes, many rules apply to polls.For example, the first dissemination or publication of a survey must be accompanied by the following information, detailed by public life:

The margin of error must also be indicated when resuming a survey.

The polls commission is responsible for ensuring compliance with the rules related to the polls.

How are the results of the presidential election established?

Only the votes cast are taken into account, that is all bulletins with the exception of white and zero votes.In the absence of a candidate winning the absolute majority of the votes cast (50 % + one voice) in the first round, a second round is organized, bringing together the two candidates who arrived at the head.

Since the first election by direct universal suffrage under the Fifth Republic, in 1965, no candidate has been elected directly in the first round.

How are the results of the legislative elections established?

Only the votes cast are taken into account for each of the 577 constituencies.A candidate is elected deputy at the end of the first round if he obtains the absolute majority of the votes cast and at least 25 % of the votes of the voters registered in the constituency.

If no candidate meets these conditions, a second round is organized.All contenders who have obtained at least 12.5 % of the votes of people registered on the electoral lists can participate in it.Withdrawals are nevertheless possible.Second laps where two candidates compete for the deputation are possible.Triangular, opposing three candidates, or quadrangular, have even taken place.

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